Some People Believe That If Children’s Leisure Activities Are Not Educational

How children should utilize their leisure time is an issue which is discussed these days among people,some believe that the activities should be educational while others support giving children freedom to choose. Some teachers and parents have strong opinions about educational activities in childhood. They urge their children to keep studying or get engaged in educational activities. Since childhood is the best time for learning they regard it as golden days for learning.Recent surveys among children between age of 3-8 has shown that those who had educational programs in their free time were more successful in next levels of studying. though it may be hard for children at first ,it makes them to find a way for revealing their hidden talents. Children may not be aware of the result at first but as time goes by they will find it most useful method for finding their way of interest according to Doctor Bahrami's speech in Tehran university.On the contrary,some others encourage their chil dren to play more and enjoy their moments with their friends or toys around them. By their allowance children by themselves have liberty to choose activities of their interest in leisure time. Children have an opportunity to participate in group works and communicate with their same age children. Group activities even playing with same age children put them in a smallest society groups which can lead them to act better in future roles.In myy point of view, letting children to enjoy their childhood by their parents support is the best way to treat these god given beauties. Childhood is the sweetest part of life any one can experience. Creative minds grow while there is no obligation or pressure from an outer person. when children have time to draw paint or make things their talents would appear in their own way of interest. According to psychologist most of creative minds have free childhood without any obligation from their parents side.In this period(childhood)children have time to play,run and do some sports that will help them to keep fit mentally and physically. Running jumping playing keeps their body fresh and healthy and also keeps their body fit. Studies through recent years shows the increasing rate of obesity among children which is caused by modern life. Think about the way u wanted to spend your childhood. Nobody wanted to have childhood with so many educational extracurricular activities. Give your children chance to get rid of this logical acts we suppose them to do.

Market Models

The main objective of a private firm is to maximize profits and without the control over costs, they try to sell at higher prices. This is true if the operating industry has an inelastic demand schedule as a price rise brings in higher revenue. The Marginal revenue concept states that in order to increase revenues, firms need to lower prices if they are operating in a price-elastic industry but a fall in price in a relatively in-elastic demand adds a deficit to the revenue that so firms increase their prices in order to attain a higher profit. 2) The US airline industry operates in the oligopolistic structure. That is the big four firms namely American, Southwest, United and Delta have a combined share of more than 40% of the market which supports the fact that these firms can be classified as oligopolies. Further the firms do not react to price increases that sharply as it is a characteristic of an oligopoly to react more towards a price fall rather than an increase except for the case of a market leader. 3) No, the result will not differ whether we consider the entire domestic market or just the market for San Francisco and Seattle. The firms operating are same and customers are quite rational that is the service being offered is homogenous so it would not matter if we look at it as a whole or individually. Here a price rise in the case of a single market would mean that the competitor may gain an advantage and attain higher revenue. 4) There are many advantages of collusion or price fixing related to competitors. One of them being an equal share for all, this means that they can share areas among themselves and reduce competition. This helps reduce uncertainty as the market saturation is done and firms are bound by agreement to receive equal share. This would further give rise to profits and most of all this behavior is a very strong entry barrier as firms can unite in order to drive away an entrant. Collusive pricing also means a restricted supply therefore firms can ask higher prices as there is a quota in place thus creating an in-elastic demand. 5) No, an oligopoly operates in between both extremes of its demand schedule that is the elastic region and the in-elastic region. The reason that the firm rescinds from increasing prices is due to the fear of losing its market share as the products in this industry are homogenous and so the customers would shift easily to other airlines. The oligopolists must consider how their rivals will react to any change in the price, output, characteristics, or advertising. Oligopoly is thus characterized by strategic behaviour and mutual interdependence. By strategic behaviour we simply mean self interested behaviour that takes into account the reaction of others. So we can not associate that such advertisements or statements are for a fixture in price. Bibliography 1)Parkin, Michael. (2004) Economics. Addison Wesley Publishing Company

Effect of Skill Gaps in the telecommunications Industry Essay

Effect of Skill Gaps in the telecommunications Industry - Essay Example The major structural change within the telecommunication industry is the globalization of the industry. Moreover, the telecommunication industry has been liberalized within the world economies. Nonetheless, the adoption and application of innovative technologies has been impacted largely by the changes in skill needs which are aimed at filling the skill gaps which emanate from the application of advanced technology within the industry. This essay gives a critical analysis and discussion of how the skill gaps and needs in additional to structural changes within the telecommunication industry have impacted on the labor needs within the industry. Skill gaps within the telecommunication industry have developed as a result of the changes in the industry operations and processes. Sumit (2008, p. 587) elaborates that these changes emanate from the application of modern technologies within the telecommunication industry which is aimed at adapting to the changing business environment and rema ining competitive. Diana (2011, p. 93) asserts that the skill gaps which develop within the telecommunications businesses have led to the reduced productivity. ... According to Keefe (2009, p. 43), the skill gaps within telecommunication industry have led to the increased need for training staff. The management and employees are trained on the application of advanced technology in the provision of telecommunication products and services to the customers. For example the use of telecommunication software applications which are adopted by the telecommunication companies leads to the increased need for training. Maria (2011) reveals that effective management of the telecommunication companies includes meeting the training needs of employees and the management so that the skill gaps and needs is met within the various functional areas. Skills are acquired through proper training of employees. Managers would also be trained in order to be able to apply the management information systems effectively in the management of telecommunication business processes. Diana (2011, p. 103) adds that managers are also trained in the use or application of the deci sion support systems in decision making on the various aspects of telecommunication business. Batt, Colvin & Keefe (2002, p. 587) point out that the skill gaps within the telecommunication companies have caused their management to adopt employee termination programs to pave way for the employment of skilled labor. This is usually the case when the anticipated costs of training are beyond the budgetary allocation for employee training. The loss of company employees has led to the reduced morale and motivation among the work force. Additionally, the ability of skilled employees to adapt to the changes within the labor force of an organization determines the achievement of objectives. Keefe (2009, p. 47) exemplifies that many telecommunication

Timeline Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Timeline - Essay Example The definition of the computer used today is based primarily in von Neumann’s conception that the computer is a device, which is capable of accepting data input, processing data, storing it and producing data output. The history of computing has progressed from the vacuum tube to the transistor, ultimately to the microchip and modem. This paper will provide a comprehensive timeline of the history of computing, describing the evolution of various computing items through timelines such as 2400 BC–1949,  1950–1979,  1980–1989,  1990–1999,  2000–2009,  2010–2019. 2400 BC–1949 In this period, computing devices focused primarily on enhancing people’s capacities to make calculations. The initial devices used for calculation were tally sticks, with the Lebombo bone being the first known to modern archeology. However, the abacus, developed in 2400BC is the first ever calculator, invented by the Babylonians to enhance sim ple arithmetic. The Chinese abacus (suanpan) was invented in 200BC and was widely used before the invention of present day’s calculator (Isaacson, 2011). ... In 1930, American Vannevar Bush developed a partly electronic difference engine with the capacity to solve differential equations. In 1939, German Helmut Schreyer completed a prototype memory using neon lamps and a 10-bit adder prototype using vacuum tubes. In 1942, Americans Atanasoff and Berry made a special-purpose calculator for system solutions of linear equations, later known as the Atanasoff-Berry-Computer (ABC). German Konrad Zuse created the S1, which was the first process computer that measured the surface of wings (Turner, 2006). In 1944, IBM developed the second program machine, which was 51 feet long and weighed nearly 5 tons. In British, in 1949, the Manchesteer Mark 1’s final specifications were completed. This machine was the first computer to utilize the equivalent of index registers, which entered the second generation computing architecture in 1955. 1950–1979 This period appeared to focus intently on the creation of computer communication and intellig ence. In 1950, the Pilot ACE computer, having 800 vacuum tubes with mercury delay lines as its main memory became functional in the UK (Black, 2001). In 1951, Americans J. Prespert Eckert and John Maunchly designed the first commercially operational electronic computer, UNIVAX, which handled both textual and numeric information. This machine’s implementation was the real start of the computer age (Isaacson, 2011). In 1951, the CIRAC (Council for  Scientific and  Industrial  Research  Automatic  Computer) became the first digital computer used to play music. In 1952, IBM introduced the IBM 701, which was the initial computer in its 700 and 7000 series of large scale machines. In 1960, the initial ordered, technical programming

Genetic testing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Genetic testing - Essay Example In this essay, I will describe advantages and disadvantages of DNA testing and demonstrate why the test should not be put into practice. Firstly, genetic testing has a benefit of enhancing medical technology. Over the last few decades, scientists discovered more about genetics, which enabled humans to get a better understanding of genes. Running a genetic testing, compared to gene discoveries, would be an articulate evidence of proving how efficient genes are in terms of healing. Also gene tests determine how far we can utilize genes under difficult conditions such as cancer or other incurable diseases. On the contrary, there is a great risk of failure in the test. Despite recent genetic findings, most people are still unaware of the term â€Å"gene† and there are complications in technology with respect to treatment. Even specialists lack enough experience on dealing with ways and problems that are possible during real gene testing. Secondly, genetic testing is a relatively new field in medicine. This is advantageous because it is seeking for a new method since there has never been this type of testing. It also has a high possibility of success in the future. Clearly, genes are the most accurate form of extracting information about an individual’s trait. So, altering the harmful genes into good ones is the most effective ways of remedy. Nevertheless, it is difficult to afford the supplies required for genetic testing. For the genetic testing to flourish in the future, the process during the test should be without any oversights. But, the payment of laboratory, chemical supplies requiring special disposure, and hiring educated scientists, are requirements worth millions of dollars for an average conductor to officially run and examine genetic testing. Thirdly, genetic testing allows humans to have knowledge of the possible diseases and risks they will have

Discuss How Fashion And Photography Inform Each Other Essay

Discuss How Fashion And Photography Inform Each Other - Essay Example This paper approves that the intricate relationship between photography and fashion, as evidenced in the existence of numerous fashion/photography collaborations in the history of the world of fashion, points out to the symbiotic relationship between these two fields of practice. Whereas the fashion photographers cannot exist without the designers who produce the subject of their work, the designers, on the other hand, cannot function effectively without the help of the fashion photographers who present their creative designs to the rest of the world in print. In view of the successful working relationship between the designer Issey Miyake and photographer Irving Penn’s, which went beyond commercial necessity to mutual creative respect that benefits both practitioners, it is evident that fashion and photography can, and indeed do inform one another. This paper makes a conclusion that the distinct field of fashion photography has risen out of the love relationship between fashi on and photography that has developed over the years, which has been motivated by both commercial benefits and the creative potential for practitioners in the two fields. Fashion and fashion photography collaborations allow the practitioners in both fields to indulge their creative capacity beyond imagination, thereby giving rise to fashion images that endear, challenge, and even engage individuals at various levels, making the genre of fashion photography unique and powerful.

ASTR 123 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ASTR 123 - Assignment Example On the other hand, there seems to be much matter in the universe such that the universe may be in a continuous state of expansion The four root elements of the universe air, Earth, Water and fire are the main manifestation of material substances and physical manifestations. The interaction of these four elements is associated with two basic great life energies namely Love and Strife. The four elements combine and separate under opposing forces of Love and Strife to produce the changing world together with the continuous manifold of objects and qualities. The stars have to be made of a perfect and exalted substance because of evidences available in various natural motions. Some bodies move in straight lines while others move in circular orbits. According to Aristotle it is natural for objects moving in circular orbits to be spherical and that the world is unique. Dark matter is non- baryonic particles that do not collide with photons and pass through protons and neutrons. Hot dark matter is composed of particles that have zero or near-zero mass. The Special Theory of Relativity requires that massless particles move at the speed of light and that nearly massless particles move at nearly the speed of light. Thus, such very low mass particles must move at very high velocities and thus form very hot gases which are the stars Prior to this era of the Universe, neutrons and protons were rapidly changing into each other through the emission and absorption of neutrinos. Now the Universe has expanded and cooled to the point where that process slowed down. When the Universe was sufficiently hot and dense, there were so many electrons and anti-neutrinos hitting protons and changing them into neutrons. As the Universe kept expanding and cooling, the mean energy level of the particles dropped and so did the rate of neutrinos hitting protons and converting them into neutrons. The neutrinos and anti-neutrinos decoupled from the rest of the matter and

Article 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Article 2 - Essay Example Mesenchymal cells can be induced into allocated tissues such as ischemic tissues found in the cortex. It is also significant to note that placenta, a small temporary organ, comprises of chorion and amnion where amniotic Mesenchymal and chorionic Mesenchymal cells are obtained (Miao and Yun-Yun 682). It was discovered that when Mesenchymal stem cells were implanted into Ischemic tissues, they produced therapeutic benefit since the cells had neuron-like cell transplantation that is used in treating cerebral ischemia. It was interesting to note that when Mesenchymal stem cells were applied, morphological changes such as condensed body cells were seen in some cells with majority of these cells revealing neural-like changes. More so, morphological changes showed differentiated or multiplied cells with a marker for astorcytes and neural progenitor cells that treated cerebral Ischemia (Miao and Yun-Yun 688-9). This is a clear indication that cell replacement medication is being developed as an attempt to cure central nervous system damage and illness. For instance, when Mesenchymal cells were implanted in a rats’ cortex, it showed cell survival and multiplication thus leading to recovery of normal functioning of central nervous system. The cells were injected in the rats’ ischemic tissues and enhanced neurological performance and balance. Miao, Zhung and Yun-Yun, Zu. Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Placenta: Comparison of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Biology, 30:680-690,

The Gothic Mode as Subversive Essay Example for Free

The Gothic Mode as Subversive Essay Why is Gothic literature considered subversive? First we consider the definition of subversive. Anything that works against the dominant culture is called subversive. Gothic literature focuses on death and decay, which is a negative attitude. The majority of Gothic writers are not motivated by any high ideals. Instead they are intent on making money, and so aim for cheap thrills. A good example is the â€Å"penny-dreadfuls† of the Victorian era, which were cheap serializations of bloodthirsty tales carrying titles like ‘Varney the Vampire’. The Gothic mode is not necessarily subversive. If it can be shown that the Gothic mode is expressive of culture, and therefore does not work against it, we may conclude that it is not necessarily subversive. It may be argued that Gothic is a subgenre of Romanticism, which is acknowledged to be a cultural phenomenon. There are possible exceptions, and authors may always take advantage of a popular medium, and will strive to pander to basic instincts. But the strategy is to show that there is an underlying social need that Gothic literature addresses to, and therefore it cannot be called antisocial. What it Romantic literature, and how do the Romanticists evaluate Gothic? Romantic literature is professed to be that which emphasizes imagination over reason. William Wordsworth is a leading light of Romanticism, and the Preface which he wrote for the second edition of his Lyrical Ballads is seen by many to be the manifesto of the movement. In the same Preface Wordsworth reacted violently against the Gothic genre, averring that â€Å"the human mind is capable of excitement without the application of gross and violent stimulants; and he must have a very faint perception of its beauty and dignity who does not further know that one being is elevated above another in proportion as he possesses this capability† (2004, p. 6). Wordsworth conceives Romanticism as an philosophical ideal. According to this ideal Romantic literature is meant to ennoble human passion and feeling. Gothic literature does not seem to measure up to this ideal, and so it is rejected by the Romanticists. Why the Romanticists are wrong in their assessment of Gothic literature, in the context of Horace Walpole’s The Castle of Otranto? The Romanticists fail to acknowledge that their philosophy is rational, and therefore they are advocating a merger of reason and imagination, and they are not merely surrendering themselves to imagination alone. Analysing the substance of Horace Walpole’s The Castle of Otranto, we also find a marriage between the imaginary and the factual. The novel is of imaginative content, and yet it is eager to establish itself as factual. To this end Walpole interposes himself as mere translator of an ancient manuscript that has newly been discovered. The long title and the extended Preface go to great lengths to establish this pretence. The substantive part of the novel is also engaged merely in keeping up this pretence, and therefore to keep the original mood intact. There is a succession of mysterious occurrences, laced with energizing diction, which creates an aura of continuous suspense and action, without any effort towards a coherent and unified story. The setting of the story is all important, and it is meant to be evocative of a mysterious past. The pretence towards factuality is merely meant to be a trigger to the imagination. Thus, the factual leads to the imaginative, and the imaginative to the factual. In this way the two aspects are merged. This is why Walpole’s novel should be classed as Romantic. Gothic literature as protest. Romanticism was a protest against the ethos of the Enlightenment. The latter was a 18th century phenomenon that emphasized reason above all else, and looked back to ancient Greece and Rome for inspiration. The Romanticists felt that too much stress on reason suppresses the imagination. If Gothic be classed as Romanticism we should be able to identify in it the same protest. Indeed, the earlier manifestation of Gothic in the context of architecture was indeed a protest of the same sort. The â€Å"Gothic revival† was a phenomenon that originating in Germany, and was a protest against the humanist tendencies of the Italian renaissance. It meant to re-establish the medieval values of religion and community against the atheist and cosmopolitan tendencies of Italy. It was mainly expressed through the architecture of churches, abbeys and cathedrals. Its ornateness was deliberately pitched against the homogenizing tendency in classical art. Its elongated spires and arches were deliberately pointed towards heaven, emphasizing the otherworldly, which was a protest against the humanist ethos which wants to flatten all things to the earth. Gothic architecture is indeed a precursor to the Romanticism of the 18th century, which was also a reaction against neoclassicism and the humanist ethos. Margaret Drabble suggests that the ‘Gothic’ in the title merely means medieval, so that â€Å"Gothic tale† merely means â€Å"medieval tale† (1995, p. 412). This may be true, but the term carries far more significance. It originally referred to the architectural style, which originates from Germany, the land of the Goths. The eponymous Castle of Otranto is a Gothic building. Following Walpole’s cue the genre itself came to be heavily dependent on such ‘Gothic’ settings. It may be argued that Gothic literature is not only characterized by setting. Indeed, we may detect in it the same philosophy which has animated the Gothic revivalism of Germany. In this way Gothic literature is a protest, and coincides with the protest of Romanticism. This will establish the Gothic mode of literature to be a subgenre of Romanticism, and therefore no longer subversive. Why the fascination with death? The Marquis de Sade offers a contemporary explanation of the Gothic fascination with death. In his Ideas on the Novel suggests that it was the shock of the French Revolution that caused literature to react in such an unusual way. He continues, â€Å"For one who knew all the miseries with which the wicked can afflict humanity the novel became as difficult to create as it was monotonous to read† (qtd. in Bruhm 1994, p. 161). In short, a new form of literature was required to take the place of the defunct optimistic strain of the Enlightenment. The chaos and terror unleashed by the Revolution represents a terrible shock to the general ethos of the age, and something that defied comprehension. The reflection of this in literature was the advent of the Gothic mode. The unsettled imagination refocused on death, instead of on light and life, as was characteristic of the Enlightenment. But against this it may be argued that in previous ages people has turned to the supernatural for comfort in periods of discontent. The supernatural is not a part of the the Gothic, which is more inclined towards the natural and the factual. It may also be argued against Sade that Gothic literature begins well before the storming of the Bastille. In this light, it is more reasonable to see the genre as an extension of Romanticism, and as constituting part of the same Romantic protest. From this point of view the French Revolution itself is a confirmation of the fears inherent in the Romantic protest. Gothic as a corrective to the ethos of the Enlightenment. Gothic should be properly seen as a protest against the cold calculation of extreme rationalism. The Enlightenment focused on light and life, and therefore tended to overlook death. It believed that with the light of reason all obstacles could be overcome. But the French Revolution functioned as a staggering reminder of death. Even before the revolution the subconscious sought to explain death, which clarifies the Gothic fascination. Karl Marx warns us that â€Å"the tradition of all the generations of the dead weighs like a nightmare on the brain of the living† (1963, p. 1). To ignore death is a form of suppression. Therefore, Gothic taste for death is best explained as a corrective to the ethos of the Enlightenment. In the age of reason men were reluctant to turn to the supernatural. Instead the focus was on death in outlandish and displaced circumstances. Analysing the issue David Punter comes to the conclusion that â€Å"[w]ithin the Gothic we can find a very intense, if displaced, engagement with political and social problems† (1994, p. 56). The engagement, as we have seen, is through a focus of death, and the displacement takes place through setting the narrative in the medieval period, or in ‘Gothic’ setting which is evocative of a bygone age. How Gothic relates to Romanticism proper, and the question of being subversive revisited. The proper strain of Romanticism claims to work against the rationalist ethos. But it too fails to consider death, and prefers to dwell on the ‘higher’ ideals of feeling and imagination. The Gothic mode makes up for this lack in Romanticism, and therefore must be considered more Romantic, than a typical work of Blake or Wordsworth, for it is spontaneous in its composition, and is not burdened by a conscious philosophy. Gothic literature can be said to have sprung from the context of its age. It professes all the Romanticism does, but in an entirely natural way. If Romanticism is a protest against the strictures of rationalism and neoclassicism, then Gothic literature is too. In this context it is significant to note that the Gothic mode is still vigorously active to this day, while Romanticism is now studied as a historical phenomenon. This is testimony of the authenticity of the Gothic, as against the measured cadences penned by Wordsworth. The essential value of Gothic literature is attested to from many respectable quarters. Commenting on the genre, Edgar Allan Poe says that â€Å"terror is not of Germany, but of the soul† (qtd. in Asselineau 1970, p. 17). Assessing the works of Ann Radcliffe, arguably the greatest of the early Gothic writers, Donald Spector says that â€Å"she united terror and beauty† (1963, p. 6). These comments are indicative of the profundity and beauty contained in works that are otherwise merely sensationalist and lightweight on the surface. In Northanger Abbey Jane Austen provides a spoof of the genre which is at the same time an affirmation. The naive heroine, Catherine, who is addicted to Gothic fiction, and lives in her imagination, in thrown headlong into the world to learn the ropes. Henry Tilney is attracted to her because of her naivete, and enthuses about her literary taste: â€Å"The person, be it gentleman or lady, who has not pleasure in a good novel, must be intolerably stupid† (Austen 2003, p. 77). Austen portrays Henry as a paragon of common sense, and so it is not unlikely that his opinion is that of the author. Catherine has an irresistible urge to believe in Gothic literature, so when she comes upon a real Gothic abbey she begins to imagine dark designs in every unusual detail. Austen demonstrates that even in parody the gothic mode is intrinsically exciting, and to deny such pleasure is a mark of literary snobbishness. She intends to explain rather than condemn. The continuing relevance of the Gothic mode. The inference is that the Gothic genre tries to make sense of death when the rational core of society is in denial. Rationalism is by nature retrospective, and Emerson explains, â€Å"Our age is retrospective. It builds the sepulchres of the fathers. It writes biographies, histories, and criticism. The foregoing generations beheld God and nature face to face; we, through their eyes† (2003, p. 181). Out failure to apprehend nature directly leads to alienation, which Gothic literature means to address. In its original context the Gothic was a protest against the cold calculation of extreme rationalism, and the same argument may be provided to explain its continuing appeal in modern mechanized society. Rationalism argues selectively from the past, but carefully ignores death. This is a form of suppression. Gothic literature is deemed to be subversive because of a seemingly unhealthy appetite for death. But when seen in the context of overcoming suppression and alienation, we must conclude that it is a mistake to classify Gothic literature as necessarily subversive. References ASSELINEAU, R. , 1970. Edgar Allan Poe. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. AUSTEN, J. , 2003. Northanger Abbey, Lady Susan, The Watsons, Sandition. Oxford: Oxford University Press. BRUHM, S. , 1994. Gothic Bodies: The Politics of Pain in Romantic Fiction. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press. DRABBLE, M. , 1995. The Oxford Companion to English Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press. EMERSON, R. W. , 2003. Selected Writings of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Eds. W. H. Gilman, C. Johnson. New York: Signet Classic. MARX, K. , 1963. The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte, With Explanatory Notes. New York: International Publishers. PUNTER, D. , 1996. The Literature of Terror: A History of Gothic Fictions. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Longman. SPECTOR, D. , (Ed. ) 1963. Seven Masterpieces of Gothic Horror. New York: Bantam. WALPOLE, H. ; BECKFORD, W. ; SHELLEY, M. W. , 1968. Three Gothic Novels: The Castle of Otranto; Vathek; Frankenstein. Eds. P. Fairclough, Mario Praz. New York: Penguin Classics. WORDSWORTH, W. , 2004. Lyrical Ballads with Other Poems 1800. Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Publishing.

Advert Review Skoda Fabia Essay Example for Free

Advert Review Skoda Fabia Essay The Skoda Fabia vRS isn’t like a fruit cake at all. It’s just plain evil! Skoda’s cars have been considered cheap claptrap for years. If I asked anyone old enough to have an opinion they would answer â€Å"useless pile of junk† or â€Å"Eastern European unreliability†. Skoda, wanting to give themselves a new image came up with the â€Å"Cake† ad. With the tagline â€Å"Made of Lovely Stuff† they were obviously trying to rebrand their product, to say their cars were made of good quality materials with love and attention. Skoda’s famous cake advert would have you believe the Skoda Fabia is made of chocolately goodness and gluttonous cake; think Willy Wonka’s birthday cake. Skoda has now made the sequel, and it is not cakey, nor chocolately. To show just how tough the Fabia vRS is the new advert shows a group of utter nutters lovingly biting, punching and rattling the hot Fabia. Skoda is currently enjoying its best year on record; and obviously the company wants to build on the momentum by launching a new TV campaign for the Fabia vRS hot hatchback. Skoda decided to follow in other companies footsteps and create a tongue in cheek parody of their product. The new ad, which is meant to show the darker side of the 180-horsepower-strong hatchback, features the Made from Meaner Stuff tagline. Following a similar format to the Fabia ‘Cake’ advert, the new ‘meaner’ vRS campaign now adopts a much darker feel. Set in a secret location within the Skoda factory, the liquorice, treacle and jelly vehicle components of cake make way for a bone chassis, a snake-powered engine and some unorthodox finishing techniques. The recent ad appeals to a new audience compared to the earlier cake ad. It is aimed at a younger male audience. Hot-hatchbacks, such as this, are perfect for a younger male car owner as they are practical for driving with your mates and are also fast and fun to drive. It has been turbocharged and supercharged to produce a smidgen under 180 horsepower giving it a top speed of 139 miles an hour (good for a â€Å"Skoda†). The Fabia comes with sports suspension so is quick and less floppy in the corners than the standard version. All this adds up to it being altogether fun to drive and go fast in. The ad also accentuates the â€Å"meanness† of the car with humorous and strange materials used for creating the car. The engine is made of snakes and runs on snake venom. The chassis is made out of a skull. The alloys are cast from samurai swords. All this adds up to equal â€Å"MEAN†. The man biting the door into shape reminds us of Jaws from the Bond movies. While the crossbow that ends up being the windscreen wiper which is extremely crazy. The song in both ads is â€Å"These are some of my Favourite Things† however while in the cake ad it is the original version with Julia Andrews. In the â€Å"Made of Meaner Stuff† ad it is a heavy rock version by The Amatory Murder. While it may appeal to a younger male audience, this ad may not appeal to an older audience because of the mean nature of the ad and older people are generally more precautious so wouldn’t want a sports car. This would lose Skoda a large proportion of the market however that audience wouldn’t be likely to buy a souped up hot-hatchback anyway. This means they didn’t actually lose much of the potential market anyway. And the older female audience would be more interested in the normal Fabia which Skoda advertised with the Cake ad, which incidentally increased their profits to their best year on record. Overall the ad is successful and memorable with a clear and excellent â€Å"unique selling point†. It creates a mean and crazy impression of the car that I’m sure would convince many a young adult to buy the Skoda Fabia vRS instead of say a Ford Fiesta ST or Golf GTi. Skoda will surely succeeded in putting out there that they make â€Å"exceedingly good† cars.

Crash Movie Analysis

Crash Movie Analysis Paul Haggis In 2004 wrote and directed the award winning movie Crash concerning a variety of intertwine experiences concerning racial relations and the levels of socioeconomic status of the varied cast of characters. This movie deal with how humans being contract with actual life situations and tackles how racial injustices and stereotypes effect our society by sourcing a division of customs, disregarding civil and human rights, and representation how racism can source cultural, moral, and economical distress. This comprehensive essay will deal with the cinematic constituents utilized right through the film, and offer a critical examination on the variety of components and methods utilized to generate this powerful and compelling film. Crash is a film that engages more than a few diverse stories and plots that all direct to somehow hook up the characters to each other in a sequence of incidents that occur throughout 2 days in California. America’s ever- rising melting pot is particularly signified in the movie as the viewers are introduced to a black detective of LAPD, two mischievous black car thieves, a white district lawyer and his discriminative wife, a white racist hit cop and his trainee partner, a black director of Hollywood and his wife, an furious owner of Persian shop and his family, and a blue-collar Hispanic man and his adolescent susceptible daughter. The characters unconnected yet interlinking stories were an extremely distinctive and efficient technique utilized to narrate this story in a provoking and extremely appealing manner. The theme of the movie is connected to the variety of features of prejudice. The mainly invasive theme is racism. The white copwhose father lost his janitorial business owing to special affirmative action practicesis fuming at African-Americans. A youthful African-American carjacker spurts the provocative Black Power expression of the 1970s. Stereotyping is an additional subject in the movie. For instance, the white wife of DA’s supposes the locksmith of being a member of gang since of his background. The conflict of cultures is demonstrated by the owner of Iranian store who construes the well-meant comments of the locksmith regarding a dented door as a shake-down for additional money. The subject of class difference is discovered in the distinction of characters. For instance, the African-American director and his wife are higher class in expressions of income and education even as the African-American police officer has afforded his means into a middle-class work and his bro ther a criminal and his mother is a drug addict. The DA’s wife, who exists in the well-off area of Brentwood of Los Angeles, is continuously grumbling in relation to her housekeeper/nanny, a stressed Latina. Cruelty is an additional idea investigated in the movie: a police officer sexually disgraces a naive woman, an HMO envoy erratically deny services to a anguish man, an annoyed man acquires a gun to obtain revenge in opposition to an naive man he believes has offended him, and an additional man is occupied in the contemporary slave trade. In actual fact, the occurrence of people’s cruelty is maybe the majority constant pattern. The stereotyping in opposition to one another is their incorrect beliefs regarding people; particularly about the diverse race (Sole, 2011).On the other hand, nevertheless, the movie as well encloses images of people’s humankind in addition, as the housekeeper approaches to the assistance of her employer, the police officer dangers his life to save the same woman he battered, and the carjacker confers up a prospect to sell a people van-load into slavery. Everybody engaged in the making of this movie added to the cinematic experience. In Crash The preponderance of the actors were most well-known and noticeable celebrities in Hollywood, for instance Sandra Bullock, Matt Dillon, Don Cheadle, and Terrence Howard. These movie stars sneakily carried the film with their sparkling performances and dramatic ability as they naturally contrived in the course of each scene with ease. The realism depicted by the actors fetched to life their characters and in spite of the susceptible and insecure topics in the movies they manage to fetch every character to life, give them their individual exclusive and separate personalities. In the movie the sound employed a contemporary dialogue and advanced every scene from an additional modern viewpoint. When slang terms were required by the characters it emerged to be utilized in a means that prepared the audience understand and narrate, for instance the dialogues amid the two black car thieves as they speak to each other by means of a apparently offensive word in the expression â€Å"nigger.† The country western and hip hop music being played and conversed by the two car thieves are important to the film since they indicate how music plays a large element in defining race and underlining a lot of diverse stereotypes. The songs that were element of the film soundtrack are played at instants that were important to the scene. The outstanding acting was not the merely perceptible constituent that let this award winning movie to connect the viewer. The movie begins with the out of focus shots of the car headlights which might perhaps be setting up the viewers to observe that the film characters will not be what they appear and might as well lack spotlight right through the movie as well. The cinematography about the preponderance of the movie is delicate as the director choose to spotlight additional on close-ups and the rare feelings on the actor’s expressions and faces. There are extremely few scenes where several action is essential to bear the film, however the scenes that do include action, for instance the carjacking attempted of character of Terrence Howard’s, Cameron, and the resulting chase of police in the course of Los Angeles, it was steady with the storyline and essential to the on the whole plot. The viewpoint shots that were utilized in the movie bring the observers additional i nto the action of the movie and decreased the space between the characters and audience. This permitted the a variety of stereotypes and depictions of the characters to turn out to be additional pronounced, and although a few of the stereotypes were a bit decorated as it relates to society of present, the implied realism was in reality deeply influential. Even though the in the film Crash cinematography is rather basic consecutively to spotlight additional on the acting, storylines, and on the whole subject matter of the movie, the editing of the movie is so elaborate that it is roughly offering the feeling of little movies in a movie as the scenes leap from every storyline. In the majority films the cinematography can effectively append credibility to the plot and development of character, letting a movie to have radiant construction and sensual detail. In Crash there are not numerous special effects, or contrasting lighting designs that have any minor effect on the appearance or sense of the movie. The film has several instants of low key lighting and the scene is mostly developed with the urban scenery of modern Los Angeles. Conclusion Stereotypes are not vague since they are all fake, other than since they are habitually surrogated for real depictions of individuals and experiences of life. Crash is capable to deal with a few stereotypes in a way that is interesting, yet thinking provoking by means of constituents designed to generate art in the course of cinema. The means this movie deals with societal prejudices and racism goes past the criticism we might be familiarized to in this age of conventional media and social networking openings, where anybody is capable to sight a huge selection of colorful social comments in addition to liberally express their free opinions. Other than the cinematic constituents used right through this movie, for instance location, the sound, movement of camera, editing, lighting, soundtrack, and the majority prominently the acting, radiantly contributed to the intersect storylines that modestly permitted the viewers to take a deep glimpse into their individual covert prejudices. References Haggis, P. (Writer Director). (2004). Crash [Motion Picture]. (Lions Gate Entertainment). Harris, Philip; Olson, Aaron; Levine, Deena; Shusta, Robert and Wong, Herbert. (1995). Multicultural Law Enforcement. 28-110 Sole, K. (2011). Making connections: Understanding interpersonal communication. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc. (https://content.ashford.edu)

Aristotle, Temperance, Pleasure, and Pain :: Philosophy Research Papers

Aristotle, Temperance, Pleasure, and Pain(1) ABSTRACT: Aristotle argues that temperance is the mean concerned with pleasure and pain (NE 1107b5-9 and 1117b25-27). Most commentators focus on the moderation of pleasures and hardly discuss how this virtue relates to pain. In what follows, I consider the place of pain in Aristotle’s discussion of temperance and resolve contradictory interpretations by turning to the following question: is temperance ever properly painful? In part one, I examine the textual evidence and conclude that Aristotle would answer no to our question. The temperate person does not feel pain at the absence of appropriately desired objects. In parts two and three, I reconstruct some reasons why Aristotle would hold such a view based. My discussion here is based upon Aristotle’s discussion of continence and the unity of the virtues. While the accounts of temperance in the Eudemian Ethics and the Nichomachean Ethics share some similarities, the treatment of the topic in the latter is much more developed.(2) As Charles Young argues, Aristotle draws a distinction between common appetites and peculiar appetites. The appetite for food when one hasn’t eaten for several hours is a common, natural appetite. The appetite for a particular food or a particular amount is peculiar. Temperance most properly concerns the peculiar appetites, because, Aristotle says, people don’t tend to go wrong about common appetites since the appetite disappears with replenishment (NE 1118b15-19).(3) A further refinement in the Nicomachean account comes at 1119a16-20. Here Aristotle distinguishes between pleasures conducive to health (called healthful foods by Young) and pleasures that do not interfere with health (called treats by Young). On this more positive account of temperance, one has temperance just in case one’s peculiar appetites for food, sex, and drink are determined by judgments about the contribution to or compatibility with healthfulness.(4) One nice result of this account is that temperance loses any connotations of austerity that it might have had. For a temperate person, on Aristotle’s account, enjoys treats to the extent that they are compatible with health. This quick summary of the Nicomachean and Eudemian treatments of temperance, while showing some of the subtlety of Aristotle’s position, has selectively omitted a range of issues. The focus has been on pleasure rather than pain. Clearly the intemperate person enjoys consuming foods to an excess. However, it also surely is true that the intemperate person is pained by the absence of those peculiar things he desires.

Self-Employment Essay -- Jobs Businesses Papers

Self-Employment Today large companies are downsizing and reengineering with much more frequency, and it would appear that the trend has become one of people starting their own business. An interesting statistic stated that in the United States a new small business is started every 11 seconds; (of course many do fail, but they are started all the same). (Sullivan) We must also keep in mind that starting a business and being self-employed are not always one in the same-as this paper will examine in more detail. People can be, and often are, simultaneously owners, self-employed producers, and capitalists. It was stated that, In traditional economics a basic principle is that economic resources-the means of producing goods and services-are limited or scarce. Economic resources are defined as property resources-land or raw materials and capital-and human resources-labor and entrepreneurial ability. Therefore, entrepreneurial ability is one of the four cornerstones of our economy. (Kautz, "Entrepreneurial Issues.") The availability of all of these resources in turn, determines the vitality of the economy and its growth. Although to be an entrepreneur does not require that one be self-employed, being self-employed does require that one, at least to some extent, be an entrepreneur. Therefore it is important to understand what it "is" to be an entrepreneur as well as what it "takes" to be an entrepreneur. The basic components of entrepreneurial ability can be reduced to four basic components. First, the entrepreneur is the one who takes the first step, and thus the initiative, to combine the individual parts of land, capital, and labor to produc... ...ary/weekly/1999/aa051799.htm Kautz, Judith. "Entrepreneurs Add Vitality to the Economy." July 2, 1999." wysiwyg://24/http://entrepreneurs†¦.s/library/weekly/1999/aa070299.htm Kautz, Judith. "Entrepreneurship Beyond 2000." wysiwyg://29/http://entrepreneurs†¦.s/library/weekly/1999/aa112599.htm Martin, Ed. "Entrepreneurs and Small Business. What's the Difference?" wysiwyg://53/http://sbinformation†¦.ation/library/weekly/aa082800a.htm Pettersson, Edvard. "Countering View of Immigrants as Entrepreneurs." Los Angeles Business Journal. January 24, 2000. The Gale Group (CBJ, L.P.). Sullivan, Robert. "Nine Steps to Success." The Small Business Start-up Guide. wysiwyg://17/http://www.bizproweb.com/features/9_steps_to_success.html "Top 10 Reasons Small Businesses Fail." wysiwyg://14/http://about.allbusin†¦ormation/general.jhtml?fname=10207

What factors contributed to the expansion of the Barnwell area from a small village in 1801 to a busy suburb of Cambridge by 1901?

* At the end of the eighteenth century Cambridge was suffering a significative diminuish of the population. We can notice this by looking at the statistics provided. Meanwhile in 1674 the population exceeded 9000, by 1728 Cambridge's population was under 8000. There were many reasons that could explain this sudden fall in population. One of them was the problem of overcrowding, and the repercussions that overcrowding causes. Possible consequences of this factor could have been: poor hygenical conditions ( lack of clean water for everyone, or excessive amounts of sewage which were hard to get rid of), lack of employment places for everyone, and also very high prices on the property market. This latter problem is strictly related with the expansion issue in Cambridge, which we will explore further on. Another factor which contributed to the fall in population towards the beginning of 1700, was the attraction that cities in the north exercised: this was the period of time in which the Industrial Revolution was fluorishing. In cities such as Manchester or Leeds ( typical northern cities), there was great possibility for employment, in the newly born industries. We will now analyze in more detail the expansion issue in Cambridge. The city of Cambridge was expanding at a very fast rate, but the space available for settlement was running short. The need for expansion claimed by the University, restricted the residential areas to delimiting and unpleasent territories. Cambridge was surrounded by land liable to flood, which was the main factor that stopped the centre of town and the residential areas from expanding. Cambridge was also surrounded by open fields, which seemed to be the only possible area in which the town could expand. These open fields, and areas surrounding the town, were mainly owned by the rich. This left the poor with the worst areas, both for settlement and agricolture. This unfair situation was overcome with the aid of the Enclosure acts, which were put in practice in 1802.. This movement entitled every land owner to a fair amount of land. For this goal to be made possible, the available land had to be divided into small strips which could be equally shared between everyone. By 1811 with the Enclosure award, the land surrounding Cambridge had finally been completely redistributed. Now that everyone had the same amount of land, the profit coming from the land would have been fairly regular, and there wouldn't be so much (disnivel) between the rich owners and the poor owners. The arrival of the Enclosure award had in a way slowed down the the fast rate at which the population was diminuishing. * The city of Cambridge had been various Ecclesiastical Parishes spread around throughout the town. Generally each area had its own Parish. During the century going from 1801 to 1901 we notice a fast rise in the population of certain Parishes, and especially the Parish of St. Andrew The Less, which was allocated in the Barnwell area (1 mile away from the city centre). The Enclosure Award in 1811, generally incremented the population of every Parish. The population gradually grew in certain Parishes, and although St. Andrew The Less had always seemed to grow at a faster rate than everother Parish, it wasn't only until 1845 and the following years that its population enourmously grew to reach a final peak of 27860 people. This population rise of this can be noticed when analysing the graph I developed. In other. We don't notice straight away in 1845 the rise in population because it takes time for settlement but in 20 years time from the statistics it is clear that rise in population is reaching its maximum peak. 1845 was the year in which the Railway was built in Cambridge, and this was a very important factor which contributed to the rise in population of this Parish. This is because the Railway was constructed in the Barnwell area. We will analyze further the reasons of such importance of the Railway, including an explanation of the ubication of this new medium of transport. For now we will only mention the where the people that populated the Parish came from. They were mainly traders, that had previously been using as a medium of trade the river and moved to the Barnwell area to make use of this new revolutionary transport which could have benefitted their business, and students and labourers from other towns that decided to move to Cambridge. The railway was faster and therefore a better value for money. As we notice from our statistics and our graph, St. Andrew The Less wasn't the only Parish in which we encountered a rise in population. Other Parishes that were situated near the river side, encountered a substantial rise in population. Not as dramatic as the one in the Parish of St. Andrew The Less, but significantly larger than the ones in Parishes ubicated in other parts of the town. An example could be the Parish of St. Andrew The Great. This Parish, as we can see from fig. ( map of Cambridge during the middle ages), is situated next to the River Cam, close to the place where once the fortress of Castle Hill was built. The reason there was a rise in population in the Parishes next to the riverside, is because some people were conservative regarding their means of transport. Many people still retained the river the best mean of transport for trading their goods. Although travelling through the river was slow, now that most of the population had moved next to the Railway, it would have been much faster to travel. Also with the diminuishing of people making use of the River Cam for their trading business, the taxes on transport through the River had fallen. Generally, using th river as a mean of transport now, had two advantages: travelling became much faster, and also cheaper. This can be seen from fig. 4 ( The River Cam toll receipts). We notice that gradually, from 1845 the tolls fell to eventually reach the value of 367 i per annum. Having said this, the Railway still remained the most popular mean of transport.

Of mice and men help Essay

   Men’s view of women The working men’s view of women is like to buy women like they buy a drink so even women did not have proper rights just like Crooks, men would not think of having a proper relationship with women although Curley did have a wife he also used to go out with the other men into town and so there is a possibility that he may have spent a night in a whore house with other women. In the novel Steinbeck did not give Curley’s wife a real name as all the workers referred to her as a ‘whore’, ‘slut’ or simply ‘Curley’s wife’. This shows and adds to how women were treated and seen as in society by men for the reason that they are more dominant. How they spend their time The men have their free time on a Saturday night into the town, the men can go to ‘whore houses’, have a horseshoe tournament and gamble money. They would spend some money on drinks and play card games, solitaire and read magazines. They would allow Crooks to play with them and join in so that he was not completely considered an outcast but they still made fun of him so Crooks spends most of his free time reading ‘books’ as this is the only way he is not discriminated and so he dreams of a being seen as an equal to everyone else, he knows his civil rights and he also remembers childhood when he played with the white children who came up to his family’s chicken ranch plus longs for a similar relationship with white people again. Most of the other workers dream about a life that they don’t have for example George and Lennie, they dream of owning a ‘little patch of land’. Prejudice In the novel ‘of mice and men’ prejudice plays a big part and it is shared among some of the characters like Candy, Crooks and Lennie and they were also considered as outcasts these all have some kind of disability also their positions were low in the ranch. Candy was considered an outcast in position to his job because of his hand cut of by a machine so he can not work therefore he is considered an outcast, in addition he is old so he different from other hands. Crooks is disabled because he was ‘kicked’ in the back by a horse and as a result became a cripple on top this he was black so he was racially abused as well, he was mostly abused by the boss because he seems to take it out on him. This was because the boss knew that he could not do anything for example he ‘gave the stable buck hell’ because George and Lennie were late arriving to the ranch so he took his anger out on Crooks and so Crooks could not fight for his rights. Lennie is retarded and his mind is the age of a young child, as children like to stoke soft things Lennie likes to ‘stroke’ mice because they are soft and he likes to pet them. Lennie has no physical disability so he can go out and work with the rest of the workers and to the advantage of his strong body he can ‘buck barley’ very fast in addition he can follow instructions very well. Loneliness Loneliness affects many of the characters, and Steinbeck seems to show that it is a natural and inevitable result of the life they are forced to follow. Steinbeck shows that the workers are caught in a trap of loneliness and they never seem to say in one place to form a permanent relationship or even think of one. Even if they did have one then it would be likely that the relationship would not stay together or even have problems by the demands of the workers life. Candy is lonely because of his old age and the only company he has is his old dog and this reminds him of the days when he was young and whole. Candy has no relatives and once his dog is shot he is totally alone and he tries to get into George and Lennie’s dream of having a piece land. George is also caught in the trap of loneliness when he is forced to shoot his companion in the back of the head, like Candy and his dog George had Lennie (who is described as an animal) he is left lonely as well at the end of the novel. Another lonely character is Curleys Wife, she is newly married and in a new strange place. Curley forbade her to talk to anyone through his jealousy and so she countered it by approaching workers to ask were Curley is in door ways therefore the men regarded her as a ‘slut’ and that became her name other than Curley’s wife. Steinbeck never gave Curleys Wife a name. Finally loneliness leads to her death as she tries to overcome Curley’s instructions by letting Lennie feel her hair; consequently Curley is now left alone because he chose a wife which was totally inappropriate for his life that he leads in an attempt to overcome his loneliness. This is because all the workers despise him for his cowardice. Crooks is another who is isolated because he is different, he tries to cope with this by keeping a distance from the other workers and reading books as these are his only companions. Dreams In the novel Dreams is something that some characters use to combat with loneliness of their existence. The most obvious dream in the novel is George and Lennie’s dream farm, this dream is only shared by the two at first but then later spreads to Candy and Crooks. The American dream is what people used to think that in America there is a piece of land for everyone because of its vast lands, this gave people a sense of Independence and this is what made them go on and continue to tackle the harsh realities of life most people were likely to never achieve their dreams. This is revealed in the poem by Crooks ‘seems live ever guy got land in is head’. The reason why Lennie asks George to recite the descriptions of the farm is because it is an antidote to overcome his disappointment and loneliness. Curley’s wife is another who has dreams and they were to become a movie star and the life of luxury and fame, this comes to nothing when Lennie kills her. Conclusion In conclusion the title to this book tells you the about the novel in a few words. The title of this book is taken from an Irish poem by Alfred Burns; â€Å"The best laid plans of mice and men always go wrong†. Steinbeck has portrayed this in a correct way as the story deals with so many dreams from the characters point of view and so none of these were destined to come true anyway. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE John Steinbeck section.

Elderly Homelessness Essay

Although the elderly are homeless for all sorts of reasons, there are some common causes of homelessness for everyone. The causes of elderly homelessness are mostly financial. The most common cause of homelessness is income. The elderly retire and do not make the same income as they did while working. Because their income is low, they receive Supplemental Security Income (SSI) to live off of. However, SSI is usually very low and not even above the poverty line. The maximum SSI monthly benefit in Washington D. C. s $850 for an individual, which is well below the poverty line (NLIHC, 2007). These monthly benefits have to be used to pay bills, buy food, and pay for housing. SSI benefits do not last very long because they are so small and the cost of housing usually diminishes the benefit before it can go any further. The cost of housing is the second most common cause of homelessness among the elderly. It is hard to find affordable housing in many areas, especially in busy cities. The cost of a one bedroom apartment in Washington D. C. was $1,134 (NLIHC, 2007). Many of the elderly have a hard time paying for housing because SSI will only pay housing if the cost is thirty percent of their SSI benefit. Many of the elderly who are having issues paying for the cost of housing can apply for section 8 vouchers, but there is an ironic twist to this option. In order to receive section 8 vouchers to avoid homelessness, the person applying has to already be homeless. Once the person is homeless, it will be very difficult to apply for section 8 because they don’t have a permanent address or a way to keep in contact with any agencies. Some of the other causes of elderly homelessness include physical and mental health. The problem with the health of the elderly is that most of them have some sort of illness that prevents them from being able to take care of themselves and their home. The elderly are more likely to experience a disruption in their ability to care or provide for themselves and their homes because they are not physically or mentally able to. Their health causes them to stop working and ultimately leads to receiving the low SSI benefits, like a vicious circle. One of the causes of homelessness is the lack of social support from family and friends. Many elderly people become homes because they do not have anyone to help them, whether financially or emotionally. They do not ask for help because their family and friends may also be having financial issues and do not have space in their home for the elderly person to live with them. Because of this many elderly people feel like a burden and are too ashamed to ask their friends and family for help and they are left to fend for themselves, which leads to homelessness. The last common cause of elderly homelessness is the â€Å"knowledge deficit† that exists about available services. Many elderly people admit that they do not know which programs and services are available to them and which they are eligible for. Sometimes there are services and support that they are eligible for that they are unaware of and they feel like there is nothing they can do. This usually leads to becoming homeless because they ran out of time to apply for services and get help to prevent homelessness. Many of the elderly people who are homeless did not think they were eligible for services and many other elderly people were unaware of services that might be available to them. This is a huge problem because the elderly do not have the information they need to prevent being homeless and they are not receiving the support and services that they are eligible for. These elderly people are falling into situations that they don’t know how to get out of.

Abduction Is a Short Story by Shelagh Delaney

Abduction is a short story by Shelagh Delaney, it is a story about misunderstanding the concept of love. However it is also a story about, misunderstanding or not looking for the needs of the ones we love. Abduction is the title, and it refers to the way, that Ann abducts her sixteen year old younger brother from their parents, and brings him to london. Ann is a woman who always new, what she wanted: â€Å"She couldn't get out of Manchester quick enough. Although she'd been born and brought up there it had never been good enough. There was only one place worth living.London. † (p. 1, ll. 24) Ann moved and never looked back, except from the one time, where she came to take her younger brother to live with her in London. There can be many reasons why Ann felt the need to take him away from his home, but all in all she has a very strong need to look after someone, and control their life. Considering the fact, that she is working at a children's hospital, may give the impression, that she would want to have kids on her own, but that is not the case. Already when she was a young woman, she was sterilized.It is a bit of a mystery, because while she loved kids, she did not want any of her own. For her it was more easy to become a mother to her younger brother. Therefore she spoiled him with money, and never gave him have a life of his own. When he gets a girlfriend, who also become pregnant, Ann tells them to get an abortion, and they do what she says. Ann's younger brother's girlfriend points out to him, that there is something wrong between the two siblings: â€Å"She's more like a possessive mother than a sister,† She told him. â€Å"Are you sure you're not really her baby? † (pp, 4. ll, 81).This is said because Ann's behavior is more appropriate for a mother than a sister, because as his sister, she should not take the mothers part in the upbringing. As mentioned before Ann spoils her brother with money. She gives him, what she believes he wan ts, and he is too week to tell her, that what she is doing is wrong. When he graduates from college, (where he had studied media, which he actually despised, but did for his sister sake), Ann provide him with a job, which of course leads to Ann giving him a lot of new and expensive close, he never wanted. After that day, he immediately changed to his belongings from his birth house.Ann's brother married Marianne, the girl who got an abortion, she gets pregnant again, and this time, they keep the child. After Marianne has given birth to their child, Ann transfers her own sense to the child, and spoils it with money, even though the parents tell her to stop. After some years Ann's brother start to drink, and become an alcoholic. Marianne tries to help him, but she decides to divorce him. He moves back to Ann, and they are back were they were before the marriage. This is very satisfying for Ann, because now she can control her brother, the way she like.Again she can spoil him with mone y, and give him the things, she think he wants. He says that he does not want her to spend the money, but she answer him back that it is only money, and that is what they are for. The money she gives him, is her way of expressing her love to the brother. She never think that maybe he wants something totally different, he wants feelings, wants someone to tell him that he exist for a reason. His alcoholism is according to Ann not existing, her brother can simply not have an alcohol problem. It is easy to see, that this is her brothers way of going against his sister.He has the need to do something against his sister, and make her realize, that she can not make him, something he is not. She can not make him wear clothes, he dislike, she can't change him, no matter how big an amount of money she gives him. His life is a mess, he is in a deep alcoholism, even though he loves his child and ex-wife. â€Å"He'd wanted to run away then, run back home to his mother and father. Was it possibl e to start all over again? † (pp, 4. ll, 119) Ann is very controlling, she wants him to stay week, so she drags him back into alcoholism, she thinks that she has all the right answers.That her mother and father was in no condition to raise a child, that she could do it better herself, but all she ever did was doing it the wrong way. Money can not replace true feelings, it can not replace the love between to humans, money can never make a person happy, and it did not make her brother happy, it killed him. Both the picture by Edward Munch, and the text by D. H. Lawrence is about women controlling their men. In the painting, a woman encloses a man with her hair, he is in her power. She has the power to control him. The man in he picture has a very sad look in his eyes, as if he nows that he does not have the power to get out of her grip. In the text a man is describing how his girlfriend is very possessive and wants to control him. â€Å"She had such a lust for possession, a gre ed of self-importance in love†(pp. 6, ll. 7). This painting and the text are both very similar to the themes in the short story. They both surrounds the topic of women being dominant, and wanting to control the men, just like Ann's needs to control her younger brother. Fiction and non-fiction is two very different ways of writing.In fiction you can write anything that comes to you mind, there are no specific rules that inquirer you to do something certain. A fiction story can be very unrealistic, but also very realistic. When looking at the short story Abduction, it is quickly discovered that it is a fiction story. To start with it has a third person narrator. In fiction a narrator can write down the characters thoughts, and him or her, can be very subjective: â€Å"The first time he left his sister's house for the office he felt like a fool togged up in a black cashmere and silk shirts†(pp. 3, ll. 8). Non-fiction on the other hand is submitted rules, in non-fiction you have to stay as objective as possible. Personal thoughts are not to prefer, the writer is telling the story as it happened, him or her is passing on valuable information, and that information has to be unbiased. â€Å"Alfred Adler observed that there was an innate â€Å"drive for power an superiority† that was evidenced in sibling rivalry†(pp. 8, ll. 1) Alfred is observing something, and these observations can be used to conclude something. That would not have been the case, if the text had been fiction.

Acetone - Background of the Study Essay Example for Free

Acetone – Background of the Study Essay ? Familiar household uses of acetone are as the active ingredient in nail polish removers and as paint thinner. Acetone can also be used for medical and cosmetic uses, such as applying acetone with alcohol for acne treatments to peel dry skin. It can also remove residues from glass and porcelain and it can also remove super glue from the skin. Perhaps, acetone is very useful in our everyday lives. Acetone is also known to remove ball pen marks on fabrics and clothings. It has ethyl acetate that is said to remove ball pen stains. Most people accidentally rubs ball pen marks on their clothing on a daily basis. The study was done to find out if acetone is more effective and easier to remove ball pen marks on clothings or fabrics than normal laundry detergent. The study aims to answer the following questions: 1. What is a more effective and easier way in removing ball pen stains on fabrics? 2. Is acetone effective in removing ball pen marks? If the ball pen mark is removed and the clothing is cleaner and whiter using acetone then acetone is more effective and easier way to remove ball pen marks on the clothing. The study was done to find out if acetone is effective in removing ball pen marks. The study will help mostly students and working adults and everyone who uses ball pen. They will benefit because most of the users have their ball pens blotting on a daily basis. The amount of bleach and acetone used is 20 ml. The ball pen mark is of the same size. Even the cloths are of the same type. This means that the study is limited to these amounts only. This study is limited to testing which among bleach or acetone can remove a simple ball pen mark effectively. According to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethyl_acetate#Uses, Ethyl Acetate is the solvent present in acetone that can remove the ball pen marks. It is also stated that ethyl acetate is also present in some hairsprays, alcohol, etc. The researchers recommend repeating the testing using different cloths and different amounts of bleach and acetone to test other possibilities. It is also suggested that the researchers use warm water for washing the cloths. Removing ball pen marks- http://housekeeping.about.com/od/stainremoval/a/inkstains.htm Acetone – Background of the Study. (2016, Dec 31).

The impact of the current recession (global financial crisis) on human Essay

The impact of the current recession (global financial crisis) on human resource management - Essay Example y, 2004), and its results have affected all international economic sectors of production, triggering a huge and deep job crisis which has directed to a profound social downfall around the globe. In Spain, the impacts of the crisis on the labor industry have been much more distracting as compared to the rest of the continent(Burke, 2013), and almost six million individuals have lost employments. In the shadow of this background, it became imperative to analysis what further impacts have emerged on the human resource management after the current global economic crisis and what roles of human resource management have been to react after the crisis. What are the major aspects in acquiring the employee involvement? And what changes have occurred in the HRM operations. The competency of a suitable communication strategy in a situation of crisis, both with regard to organizations and employees, comprises an important aspect which could be elaborated as the strategic responsibility of HRM wh en confronting with a shift in the economic scenario. In this context, the aim of this research study is to evaluate the response of human resource management in the current economic recessions. Afterwards, there will be a reflective learning about the topic which will highlight the major concepts and learning essence which have been acquired throughout the course. Acquiring sustainable competitive edge relies on creation and execution of adequate human resource policies in complex and dynamic contexts. The augmenting interest focus in the strategic management of companies has caused in emphasizing on numerous functions of companies with their responsibilities in the strategic management procedure. Strategic human resource management is the framework of the structured human resource activities and usage intended to facilitate a company to acquire its objectives. Strategic human resource management is a concept to take decisions on the plans and policies of the business focusing

Choose any prodect and put it as a topic of the paper Essay

Choose any prodect and put it as a topic of the paper - Essay Example We mainly use the social media for BambooHR’s brand marketing and validation. The company uses video marketing in the social media, which also offers a platform for customer education. Pronto Marketing Company has been the major marketer of BambooHR products. The company partners with cloud store. Currently, we have four client companies using BambooHR’s services. Time-off management involves overseeing of enhancement of all the policies surrounding off-duty time(BambooHR LLC, p. 7). Time management involves such as waiting periods, carryovers, and accrual levels. The program allows this to ensure maintenance of uniqueness between various companies. Despite the customized reports, the program provides for the generation of reports using standard reports. The standard reports are in the report library, include age profile, birthdays, additions and terminations, and benefit eligibility. This functionality involves control of information sharing by ensuring that only authorized individuals have access. BambooHR software enables customization of access depending on the role of employee. The program also allows for the control of the type of information obtained by various job description. The program also supports a notification system, software development kit and standard appraisal forms (Fetaji & Majlinda, p. 234). †¢ TribeHR program. This program allows human resource administrators to focus on aspects that are of more value addition to the business. The program has tools essential for recruiting and managing time, attendance and talent of employees. Fetaji, Bekim, and Majlinda,Fetaji. "Designing and Developing Performance Measurement Software Solution." International Journal of Computer Science and Electronics Engineering (IJCSEE) 1 (2013): 234-238. Web. 1 March 2015. BambooHR LLC. â€Å"Why and When to Get out of Spreadsheets and into HR Software: And what to look for when you’re

International Business Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words - 2

International Business Strategy - Essay Example Every organization’s survival and success in the light of stiff competition hinges on the success of its main or flagship product. It is the ‘key’ that opens the door of success or profit. So, for an organization to survive in a competitive market in the global environment, and to increase its profits in an optimum manner, its products have to be marketed optimally. Toeing that line, this report will focus on the marketing strategy of General Motors in its global business, discussing about its competitors, marketing mix and finally will recommend improvements that would enable them to compete more effectively. General Motors Corporation (GM), a multinational corporation, was founded in 1908 as a holding company for a firm called Buick, then controlled by William C. Durant. Now, it functioned as a conglomerate manufacturing and selling, cars and trucks under the brands of Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GM Daewoo, GMC, Holden, Hummer, Opel, Pontiac, Saab, Saturn and Vauxhall. Each of these brands has a number of cars and trucks under its division or arm. However, because of the major losses and bankruptcy proceedings, they decided to hold only the four core brands of Chevrolet, Cadillac, Buick, and GMC, as well as two European brands of Opel and Vauxhall, selling Saab Automobile to Spyker Cars in 2010. Importantly, GM is winding down its Hummer, Pontiac, and Saturn brands, the latter two remaining under the old GM, now known as Motors Liquidation Company. Even though, all these brands are manufactured in one unit, vehicles coming under each brand are most times marketed differentially and some times in unison. Headquartered in Detroit, Michigan (USA), GM manufactures automobiles in 35 countries, capturing a sizeable portion of the world market share. GM was thus acknowledged as the worlds largest automaker, based on global industry sales. GM was able to hold on to

Physics lab reports Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Physics lab reports - Essay Example This property allows the convenient computation of the density of the rock samples given that the volume of the displaced water (for instance, 10 grams of displaced water has a volume of 10 cm3) will equal the volume of the submerged object. Following the weighing of the rocks in air as well as in water, the buoyancy, volume and density of the rocks were computed. The buoyancy, which is the same as the weight of the displaced water, was taken as the difference in the weight of the rocks in air and while submerged in water. This is also equal to the volume of the rocks in cm3. The density was calculated by dividing the weight of the rocks in air by the volume of the rocks. The results of the experiment showed that rocks # 3 and 115 have densities 3.02 g/cm3 and 2.27 g/cm3, which are higher than that of water. This suggests that the rocks will be completely submerged in water. Indeed, the rocks were completed submerged in water, thus validating our results. 2. The volume will remain the same. This is because ice being less dense than water, floats in water. That is the volume of ice is greater that of water of equal mass. Thus the volume decreases when ice melts. 2. The curved canopy umbrella accelerates air flow over the top causing the pressure to drop as stated by Bernoulli. You have a low pressure area on top and a high pressure area on the bottom, naturally the umbrella flips

Prejudice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Prejudice - Assignment Example The book Sky Burial is indeed a captivating novel of all time, considering the manner in which the story of Wen develops. After just a few months of marriage, Wen’s husband is taken by the Chinese army into Tibet in an urge to unify the Tibet and China. Information later comes that Wen’s husband had been killed, but little details is given on the same. Wen is then forced to go to Tibet in search of her husband after joining the army. However, she is later separated from the regiment, a point in which she wanders in trying to find her way out, with the only help coming from a group of nomads. With the assistance of the nomads, Wen journeys from place to another until she finally comes to discovering the whole truth surrounding the death of her husband. Xinran in writing the book; recreates the journey that Wen underwent, incorporating the instances of emptiness and silence that Wen underwent in an urge to find her love. It is based on such a perspective that the book has been assigned in comparing the real story and how Xinran develops it in the

Sacred Power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sacred Power - Essay Example He wanted to know what he believed. On the other hand, Laozi asserts that the most significant thing people can do in life is to have a state of quiet awareness. Become fully empty, quiet the mind’s restlessness only then will you witness all things unfolding from emptiness, witness all things flourish as well as dance in continuous variation. Laozi believes that Dao is the only source of sacred power (Snodgrass, 2009). The influence of the Laozi goes beyond China, as Daoism gets across Asia and in the contemporary period, the Western humanity. In Taiwan, Hong Kong, as well as amidst the Chinese in and beyond Southeast Asia, Daoism is an existing tradition (Snodgrass, 2009). Daoist practices and beliefs have played a role also in the formation of Japanese and of Korean culture, even though here the process of cultural transmission, assimilation, and transformation is very intricate, mainly given the close relations between Buddhism, Daoism, and indigenous traditions like

Leader that Influence Me Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Leader that Influence Me - Essay Example In short, without the presence of these role models, the lives of many people would totally be different. Â   My social studies teacher, Mrs. Catalina Mors, had a massive impact on my life. In my opinion, she is one of the friendliest people I have met in my entire life. I met her in my first year in high school, a time when my life was almost split into microscopic pieces. Having come from a broken family, I felt that being in high school was a way that my mother had invented to do away with me. I felt that no one cared if I existed or not and thought that I had no role to play in the world rang in my mind every second of my existence. Mrs. Catalina, I have learnt to call her Mrs. Memento, for her reminding me of good things in life, has been of great assistance to me. From her comforting words that gave me hope in life, I managed to come out of my depression and learn to accept sever situations in life. I relate my high self esteem from her counseling sessions that I went unconsciously every afternoon. At times, I would find my self in her company for over two hours with no complaints that her working day was over. Apart from being polite and well refined, Mrs. Catalina acted as a role model to many. Her code of conduct had no traces of ‘stains’ that some her age mate colleagues had. Being 23 years old and a teacher of boys, it is thought that younger teachers- beautiful like her- face numerous challenges in their careers. Some are even forced to jeopardize their careers, for failure to handle challenging situations in their job. Mrs. Catalina gained first-rate praise from all students, majority of whom, wanted to have a mature and reasonable life like hers. In my case, Mrs. Catalina has assisted me in making tangible decisions in life and focus on the future regardless of the situation at hand. I am able to deal with parents’ divorce with the

Attitude Towards Women Fathers and Sons Essay Example for Free

Attitude Towards Women Fathers and Sons Essay To analyze the attitudes towards the women question and the most useful starting point would be to look at the representation of the liberated woman, Yevdoxia Kukshina, which can be contrasted with the representation of Bazarov’s mother or Nikolai Kirsanov’s wife, the women ideals of the older generation. Kukshina is clearly meant to the representative of the radicalism of the 1850s to1860s, â€Å"the progressive, advanced or educated woman : nigilistka or nihilist woman† (Richard Stites). She has ‘vowed to defend the rights of women to the last drop of my blood’ and is scornful of Sand ‘an out of date woman’. She has separated from her husband and plans to go abroad to study in Paris and Heildelberg. She thus, personifies the emergence of new objectives and tactics among the Russian emancipees of the early 1860s. However, it is also quite obvious that while much has been written about Turgenev’s attitude towards his nihilist hero, there is no doubt that the female nihilist Kukshina is an unflattering caricature and as Walter Smyrniw quotes â€Å"Turgenev has deliberately portrayed Kukshina as a ludicrous and repulsive emancipee.† Walter goes on to argue that in his portrayal of Kukshina, Turgenev lampooned only certain undesirable tendencies generated by Russian emancipees. The worst among them was a lack of genuine involvement, an inadequate commitment to the movement itself. Some merely assumed the roles of the emancipated women and hence their behaviour was both contrived and unnatural. Although many critics have argued along the same lines of Turgenev’s portrayal of Kukshina as a device for irony â€Å"the progressive louse which Turgenev combed out of Russian reality† (Dostoevsky) and that he has assumed the same sentiment in respect to Russian men who merely assumed the pose of materialists and nihilists (eg. Sitnikov), it is hard to escape that in the description of her person and household we find some of the stereotyping of radical women found in most conservative writing. He did not hesitate in expressing value judgments when ridiculing the pretentiousness and hypocrisy of Russian women who merely played the role of emancipees. She is dirty and slovenly in her habits and person, her room is scattered and dusty, her hair disheveled and her dress crumpled. Moreover, her conversation and behaviour is meant to ‘show’ us that her radicalism is shallow and unaffected. The narrator ‘tells’ us that she greets her guests with a string of questions without waiting for answers. It is important to notice here the narrator’s generalization here, which would seem to impute lack of serious concern (feminine casualness) to all women as part of their feminine nature and not to Kukshina as an individual. The narrator draws repeated attention to Kukshina’s unattractive physical appearance almost as if that were partly her fault. Kukshina is unfortunate enough to show her gums above her top teeth when she laughs and her piano playing revels her flat-cut fingernails. However, what is most significant in terms of the dominant patriarchal ideology of the mid-nineteenth century Russia is her declaration, â€Å"I’m free, I have no children.† From a conservative perspective, this would count as near sacrilegious statement. Though Bazarov himself is a serious character, its possible to read Sitnikov as a parody of the younger generation. At Madame Kukshins, the narrator tells us To Sitnikov the chance to be scathing and express contempt was the most agreeable of sensations (13.44).

The Impact Of Globalisation Sociology Essay

The Impact Of Globalisation Sociology Essay Globalisation is a force to be reckoned with. The Pandora box has been opened, its influence is rapidly spreading across the globe and there is no turning back. This paper will evaluate the inferred consequences of globalisation on children and families in the state of poverty and in affluence. realisation of adaptations for the sake of survival, relevance and otherwise vested interests from external forces. Economic globalisation actively pursued by national and international policy makers through the deregulation of the domestic economy and external transactions and on the rapid technological advances of the last two decades. Includes Internationalisation of behaviours, entertainment, consumption patterns, migration, tourist flows. other aspects are more complex to assess than the effects of economic-technological globalisation discussed in this paper -Globalisation results in economic growth and helps reduce some kinds of poverty though evidence shows that globalisation does not necessary result in sustainable growth. Outline/Methodology Implications: Political, economic, social, emotional, cultural, children and family well-being in developing, transitional n developed countries Discussion Political rapid changes brought about by globalisation, necessary adoption n adaptions to changes for survival, relevance, other vested interest by state or external influences Economic ref harnessing globalisation- negligence of poor and marginal populations: economic ills of capitalism n consumerism? Disparity in distribution of resources n gains reshuffling of economic structures n behaviours resulting in successes some n further challenges for others Affects childrens well being in many various ways geographical mobility of workforce/ immigrants economic reasons such as pressure of labour supply, income disparities, -distribution issue- inequality in wealth distributionhigh inequality impedes growth in poor countries by lowering investment in human n physical capital n generating more crimes n social unrests (save the children) political asylum, refugees, displacement Proponents to eradicate poverty n reduce injustice however . social ills social injustice Mass immigration and displacement Globally, there is an increase in economic migration driven by income disparities e.g. exploitation, demand for labour supply and the advancement of information technologies. The swell in migratory flows could be attributed, among others, to rising disparity in opportunities and income available to people in their home countries vis-a-vis countries they migrate to. In the 1970s, about 640,000 Mexicans migrated to the US legally. By 2000, 7.8 Mexicans are living in the US, legally or otherwise. Mass migration leads to growing urbanisation. The percentage of the worlds population living in cities rose from 29% to 47% (to about 2.8billion) in the last 50 years. Most of the growth took place in the developing world the number of urban residents jumped from 17% in 1950 to 40% or 1.9billion people in 2000. This is expected to double in the next 30 years. Increased Migration and Displacement An estimated 50 to 200 million people in the world could be displaced by the next 40 to 50 years due to climate change (63). Both gradual and extreme weather conditions and rising sea levels are the main drivers of such increased migrations. While most will move within their own countries, many will also cross international borders (64). A research by Save the Children exploring the movement of children within and between countries found that children tend to move with their parents (66). Nevertheless, many children do move independently due to various reasons. Some do so to find work to support their families. Others could be forcibly separated from their families due to uncontrollable circumstances eg. war and natural disasters. Yet many chose this path to escape from poverty, exploitation, abuse, calamities or even to pursue better educational opportunities. Moving alone to a foreign or unfamiliar location can pose grave dangers for children. Those without relevant identification papers, for example, are often denied basic services such as healthcare, education and social welfare (67). Such children also face the risk of exploitation and abuse. In 2008, armed conflicts and natural disasters accounted for the displacement of 63 million people. The biggest sufferers were usually children and women. Children displaced under such circumstances are housed in temporary shelters and resettlement camps. They are exposed to diseases associated with overcrowding, chief among them are pneumonia (biggest global killer for children under fire), measles, malaria and diarrhoea. These disease outbreaks result in dire consequences as children are most vulnerable due to lack of proper healthcare and sanitation. Malnutrition tend to be higher for children residing in such refugee camps due to limited food supply (68). Besides facing separation from their families, displaced children and their parents often lose access to essential health services. Climate-induced migration is likely to increase in future. Governments should come together and formulate national and international policies, legislation and services to protect migrant children and their families. Large scale humanitarian protection and help are needed to support them. With the influx of migrants, refugees and asylum seekers to any given country threatens the local infrastructures on food, clean water and shelter. With the relentless appetite of capitalism and growing urbanisation in many countries, consumerism drives the market forces threatens the sustainable environment. As the world becomes increasingly borderless, mass migration further extends the perimeters of diversity in multicultural societies and creates disequilibrium (positive or negative) to homogenous societies. Impact of urbanisation Urbanisation and Overcrowding Over half of the worlds population now live in cities. It is estimated that some 900 million urban-dwellers in low and middle income countries are living in poverty; 800 million people lack access to decent sanitation, and about 650 million people do not have water access(70). Slums and overcrowding plague many cities today. Poorly constructed homes and densely populated areas pose greater risks of fires, disease outbreaks and disasters. Many children from poor homes living in such cities are in danger due to poor sanitation, contaminated water and hazardous waste (71). In an era of global warming, a 1 degree rise in temperature could mean global children deaths of more than 20,000 a year due to air pollution. In developing and poor countries, about one-third of children are stunted and children under 5 have a mortality rate 5-20 times higher than rich countries with adequate access to healthcare and nutrition(73). Today, about 3.3 billion people (50% of the worlds population compared to 15% in 1990) live in urban areas. This is expected to increase to 5.3 billion people come 2050(74). Migrants from the rural areas move to the cities in search of better lives, higher wages and economic stability. Urbanisation is perceived to offer more stability from climate change for people who come from agricultural and natural resource-based livelihoods. Taxing on local infrastructures, for example water and food, to support the influx of Social impact on family life Social Globalisation marks the end of the family as we have known it until now, but it is not the disappearance of the family but its profound diversification (Castells, 1997:139;222). The worldwide trend in increasing divorce rates, many involving couples with young children, is pushing the likelihood of single parenthood as an alternative viable lifestyle. There is an upward trend of single-parent households with dependent children (usually headed by a woman) in developed and developing countries. In Brazil, the percentage of such households rose from 14% in 1980 to 20% in1989 and the trend is increasing. (Castells, 1997:147-52). Such a trend suggests that as more women join the workforce, the traditional role of caring for the family diminishes. This affects the proper upbringing of children with the tendency to push such responsibility to the educational institutions, provided they are available and/or affordable. Inequality and Social Injustice Income Inequality The richest 5% people in the world receive 114 times the income of the poorest 5% population. The top 25 richest Americans earn as much as 2 billion of the worlds poorest. The income gap between the rich and the middle-class/poor continues to widen in the developing and developed economies. This globalisation trend is altering the structures of families, economies and society the constant struggle for the have-nots to aspire to be among the elite haves would prove costly for families and their children. If sharp increases in inequality persist, they may have dire effects on human development, and social stability (including violence and crime (UNDP, 2003a:39). The need for any protectionist policies in any given society speaks of social injustice. It is recommended that government under the UNCRC agreement uphold the rights of children regardless of their nationality status. Children should be rendered political immunity regardless of parents nationality status as asylum seekers, refugees, or stateless persons. -social unrest, An example is the area of global crime rates. Globalisation is creating a ballooning underclass that is struggling due to growing income gaps and lack of job opportunities. This creates the ideal environment for criminal syndicates who are spreading cancerous crimes that exploit and victimise women and children e.g. drug trafficking, human trafficking, illegal trade of diamonds from African countries. In the 1990s, trading of illegal drugs accounted for $400 billion about 8% of world trade. Human trafficking (especially women and children) reached 4 million. More than half a million were for the sex industry in the western countries (George and Wilding, 2002:55). Gender inequality is prevalent in most patriarchal societies. If one gender is considered more economically and socially viable then another, Additional Burden on Women Additional Burdens for Women -In developing countries, women bear the responsibilities of feeding and caring their children, in addition to assisting in food production (farming and/or household) or buying food from local markets. Domestic responsibilities also weigh in, such as collecting fuel and water, besides caring for the aged at home. Education has been identified as vital for women. It empowers them with the essential knowledge for maternal, newborn and child survival, and in particular, teaching their children on how to adapt to climate change. It means life and death. Children of mothers with no education are more than twice as likely to die or be malnourished than children of mothers with at least secondary education (76). But in a scenario of natural disaster or armed conflict, girls are first to be pulled out of school to bring in more income or do housework. Women must be consulted and involved in strategies to adapt to climate changes. They know best on how to make necessary communal changes and protect children from natural disasters. Unless women are given leadership roles, involved in decision-making and implementation, any effort in managing climate change would be futile. roles of parents, women, family structure, child rearing practices -changes in family structure, more demand for women in the workforce, demand for early childhood services, switching roles mothers as breadwinners and fathers becoming homemakers or househusbands Cultural belief system, Individualistic or collective societal perspective. Metropolitan /cosmopolitan countries outcomes of assimilation or adaptation of cross cultural interactions. Strive to achieve an equilibrium. culture is transient. Evolution of cultures or conversions of religion brought about by conquest, coercion,n adaptations or adoptions thought exchanges and interactions. Evolution in cultural beliefs and practices has direct impact on children n families, causes transitional disequilibrium from set beliefs to new influences. adjustments to new cultural framework creates perplexity that affects family structure n function thereby affecting childrens sense if identity n belonging. While most parts of the world have been exposed to Western influences, the existence of indigenous cultures has not been threatened. Global Warming Greenhouse gasses, emitted by industrialised countries due to higher demand for goods and services emphatically point to the fact that most of the global warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities (UNEP, 2002:3). Massive use of fuel, coal, gas flaring, cement production, plastic, power etc lead to carbon dioxide emissions. The Greenhouse effects -floods, drought, typhoons, desertification, deforestation, rising water levels are now experienced by countries throughout the world. Water supply, food crops, diseases are creating havoc costing lives, reducing food supply, migrations, children and their families suffer. Climate change has been identified as the biggest global health threat to children in the 21st century. The sum effects of climate change put children at greatest risk from malnutrition, disease, water scarcity and natural disasters resulting in the disintegration of healthcare services and infrastructure. Children under 5 years are most vulnerable to its consequences (1). In poor and developing countries, diseases and conditions including diarrhoea, malaria, measles, pneumonia and malnutrition contribute to the high number of deaths of children. About one-third of the global childhood disease problems are linked to changeable factors in food, soil, water and air. With climate change, these problems will worsen eg. access to clean water becomes more difficult making children more susceptible to diarrhoea, a major killer for young children. Natural disasters such as drought, floods and typhoons brought about from changes in the climate add to the woes of children. Besides diseases, children are denied proper healthcare services. Food shortages worsen the childrens plight, adding problems of under-nutrition and starvation. The impact made by climate change on food security, healthcare, clean water supply and livelihoods has a profound influence on urbanisation, migration, poverty and armed conflict. These in turn affect the lives of children and their survival. Poor families, many whom are already struggling, could be pushed into the deeper end of their troubles bringing about long term consequences on their childrens survival. For example, children from the poorest 20% of households in many developing countries have up to 5 times the mortality rate of children from the richest 20% households (12). Beyond these, there are other secondary and structural causes of child deaths. Examples include poor healthcare facilities, inadequate water supply and sanitation, poverty, maternal education and inequality. Climate change exacerbates these conditions by loading more burdens on fragile states who are already struggling with providing children with the most basic needs. How well communities or states adapt and cope with climate change and its impact on existing vulnerabilities will determine a childs survival chances. Millions of children in these areas suffer from malnutrition and babies are born malnourished and/or with anomalies. Childhood at Risk AIDS today is a worldwide problem and globalisation has played no small part in the spread of this disease. UNAIDS estimates that 13.2 million of children in the world aged 15 and below have lost their parents and 90% of them live in the Sub-Saharan Africa. Numbers are growing in central Asia and Eastern Europe. Young people are at the core of the AIDS epidemic, In many places this is actually an epidemic among teenagers (UNAIDS Director Dr Peter Plot quoted in Irish Times, 24 Feb 2004). AIDS through heterosexual transmission is prevalent in Africa. Young girls are seen as men as clean: and they are most at risk. In many parts of the world ie Africa, Latin America, South-East Asia, Caribbean countries, 20-48% of girls between 10-15 years were forced to have their first sexual encounter. Child Soldiers According to the Human Rights Watch (HRW), an estimated 300,000 young children serve in paramilitary or armed groups in more than 30 conflict regions. Some of the countries with such child soldiers include Sudan, Congo, Somalia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Iran and Papua New Guinea. Abduction of children from their homes is a commonly used accompanied by death threats to enforce joining the military force. These children are forced to witness and participate in atrocities eg beheading, rape, amputations, burning people alive. Girls are raped and sexually abused, some given to commanders as wives. Cultural Globalisation Majority of women in developing countries perform housework, work in agriculture or work in the informal sector. The patriarchal society in these countries demand that household chores are the mainstay of females while work, whether formal or informal, is a mere extension of their duties. Under such circumstances, women choose work in an informal sector to care for their children and earn additional income for basic necessities, usually because their husbands dont bring home enough money. They cannot seek formal employment due to their family responsibilities. Employment in the informal sector is still gender biased men are still in supervisory or management positions with higher wages, while women are simply subcontract workers. Assembly work and production factories are filled with women since unemployedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦men refused to participate in their wives informal work because they felt they could be called away at any time for a waged job (Ward 1990). Such a double standard, ironically, leads to survival for females in developing countries they can maintain their domestic roles and yet not rely solely on their husbands. Another issue confronting women and their children in the developing countries is that unpaid domestic tasks are private rather than social and because they are both unpaid and private, there is no social system of incentives, of rewards and penalties, to encourage change (Elson 1992). Wives lack access to the public sector where job opportunities exist. Such a vulnerability render women helpless but to depend on their husbands for finances and even endure abuse. Despite the discrimination, women have shown resilience in taking on the responsibilities of caring for their children when their husbands leave. They take on informal sector jobs and are still able to fulfil their domestic needs. Governments in developing countries are not doing enough or even denying their women opportunities to effectuate their strengths to the fullest potential. Globalisation today has not changed that. But continued globalisation may mean in time to come, governments in developing countries cannot ignore the potential to harness the talents and strengths of the female workforce.